Introduction

The people of Northern Europe exist under harsh conditions. Throughout the middle ages the area was devastated by repeated plagues that reduced the original population. This has resulted in a limited gene pool.

Though the countries that make up Scandinavian benefit from extensive genealogical records, surnames were adopted at a relatively late date in most Scandinavian countries. In Sweden it was not made law until 1901. This makes a geographic project the most logical vehicle for exploring genealogy and DNA. Matching must then be done without the assumption of shared surnames pointing to common genealogical ancestry.

The Scandinavian yDNA Project exists to give genealogists of Scandinavian ancestry a way to connect to genealogically relevant matches.

Standards of practice

As a Geographic Project, The Scandinavian yDNA Project serves the Genetic Genealogy by:

• Exploring the history of the Scandinavian male settlement.


• Demonstrate regional differences.
• Compare males from the same region regardless of current surname.

The project is open to all Family Tree DNA clients who meet one of these qualifications:

• Have tested at Family Tree DNA and have yDNA ancestry from a Scandinavian country.
  • Denmark
  • Finland
  • Iceland
  • Norway
  • The Netherlands
  • Sweden

If this describes your kit or a kit that you have proxy rights for, you may join by following this link and filling in your kit number and password. You do not need to order a new kit.

In addition to the Family Tree DNA Administrator's Guidelines, the project shall:

• Inform all project members before allowing their results to be used outside of the project.


• Inform all project members of policy changes.

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News

25 Aug. 2008 — The last Week of the Sizzling Summer Sale

All orders for the Sizzling Summer Sale need to be placed by 23:59 on August 31, 2008.08.

The Sale Prices Are:
Y-DNA12 orders include a FREE mtDNA test (Y-DNA12+mtDNA promotion price of $99; normally $189)
Y-DNA25 orders include a FREE mtDNA test (Y-DNA25+mtDNA promotion price of $148; normally $238)
Y-DNA37 orders price REDUCED to $119 (normally $189)
Y-DNA37+mtDNAPlus orders price REDUCED to $189 (normally $339)
Y-DNA67+mtDNAPlus orders price REDUCED to $288 (normally $409)
mtDNAPlus price REDUCED to $149 (normally $189)

To make it easier for everyone to enjoy the sale prices Emily Aulicino has offered to let everyone order through her blog. She says that if you can not find a surname or geographic project you may use the GFO's project. Here are her instructions:

"Ordering a test from Emily's Blog: To order a DNA test and receive the reduced price... 1. Go to: http://genealem-geneticgenealogy.blogspot.com/ 2. Go to the bottom right and click on the FTDNA icon. 3. Where it says SEARCH on the right side, type in GFO 4. On the next page, click on GFO 5. Complete the form. Scroll to the bottom of the page and click on JOIN. Of course one can order this same way and put in any existing surname project where you see GFO. GFO is a local genealogical society and you do not have to be a member. Hope this helps and thanks for ordering via the blog."

If you are having problems with the website during high demand periods you may order by calling Family Tree DNA directly. Their number is (713) 868-1438. Unlike many companies, they have real people who answer their phones. You may also order by contacting Ashley. Ashley will also be able to help you order by invoice so that you my pay by check or money order. Ordering on invoice is also helpful if you need to pay for your kit after August 31st.

Jan. 2007 — Work to return the project to full operational status begins.

Sep. 2005 — The Scandinavian Y-DNA Project will get a proper website.

Spring 2005 — The Project Manager {previous} will address the Conservative student society at the Stockholm university.

Dec. 2004 — Americans of Scandinavian descent are joining the project.

Autumn 2004 — The Project Manager addressed the Jewish and Kurdish student societies at the Stockholm university.

Sept. 2003 — The Scandinavian Y-DNA Project is initiated in Stockholm.

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Results

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References

Terminology

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid is the storage unit for all living things. It is made up of four bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T), and is held together by a combination of esthers, phosphates, and sugars. Although DNA contains genes much of it is structural. DNA Genealogy utilizes these structural and non-coding regions.

Mutation

A mutation is any change in one of the base pairs of DNA.

Maximum

This is the upper bound or highest value in a range of results.

Mean

This is the average that most of us use in daily life. It is found by finding the sum of a group of and dividing it by the number in the group.

Median

This form of average gives us the middle score from a group of values.

Minimum

This is the lower bound or lowest value in a range of results.

Mode

This is the third type of average. It tells us, given a sample, what value occurs most often.

Mutation Rate

Mutation rates for STRs and SNP are predictions of how likely a mutation is to happen over a length of time. They should not be considered set or predictable like the ticking of a clock. Individual mutations are unpredictable like the number of times a year one forgets the car keys. They can be plotted over time though to create a backwards dating system with a reliability range. For the first 37 markers the I1 Project uses the mutation rates from Chandler 2006.

Locus	Rate	Locus	Rate
DYS393	0.00076	DYS447	0.00264
DYS390	0.00311	DYS437	0.00099
DYS19	0.00151	DYS448	0.00135
DYS391	0.00265	DYS449	0.00838
DYS385*	0.00226	DYS464*	0.00566
DYS426	0.00009	DYS460	0.00402
DYS388	0.00022	Y-GATA-H4	0.00208
DYS439	0.00477	YCAII*	0.00123
DYS389i	0.00186	DYS456	0.00735
DYS392	0.00052	DYS607	0.00411
DYS389ii	0.00242	DYS576	0.01022
DYS458	0.00814	DYS570	0.00790
DYS459*	0.00132	CDY*	0.03531
DYS455	0.00016	DYS442	0.00324
DYS454